A Kind of Metal Fire
Thermite/thermate is a kind of
(1) metal fire that produces
(2) a plume of white/grey smoke and
(3) a stream of molten iron.
NOTA BENE: All the salient features of thermite/thermate can be seen at the 81st floor of the south tower in the minutes preceeding its collapse.
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METAL FIRE + WHITE SMOKE
The intense fire in the northeast corner opening of the 81st floor is still present.
An unusual flame is visible within this fire. In the upper photograph in Figure 9-44
a very
bright white
flame, as opposed to the typical yellow
or orange surrounding flames, which is generating
a plume of white smoke, stands out. The intensity of this flame is considerably
brighter than normal flames. It was easily indentified in numerous photographs
and videos shot from long distances at which the surrounding "normal" flames
were not visible. The brightness of the flame, along with the white smoke,
suggests that some type of metal is burning. Aluminum will burn, but in normal
fires it usually melts instead because the metal surface is protected by an oxide
layer that must be breeched before ignition can take place. Aluminum oxide melts at
high temperatures (2054C) that are not typically reached in normal fires. There were
limited quantities of other metals on the aircraft that might also burn. Whatever
the metal, the ignition of a metal fire is an indication of the significant heating
of debris that took place in the northeast corner of the 81st floor due to the prolonged
intense burning in this area following the aircraft impact.
NISTNCSTAR1-5A_chapter_9_AppxC - p. 344. (pdf p.48 - 55Mb)
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MOLTEN IRON
Thermite/thermate is a kind of
(1) metal fire that produces
(2) a plume of white/grey smoke and
(3) a stream of molten iron.
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